A chopper is a device that converts fixed dc input to a variable dc output voltage directly. Sep 06, 20 dc motor control by using a chopper circuit 1. To study the triggering circuit of a single phase dc chopper circuit. This paper discusses the speed and torque control of a shunt dc motor through matlab simulink simulations. Jones chopper is an example of class d commutation in which a charged capacitor is switched by an auxilary scr to commutate the main scr. The exciting current of the saturable reactor is neglected. There are two control loops, one for controlling current and another for speed.
Class c chopper can be used as a stepup or stepdownchopper. Power electronics lab kg reddy college of engineering. In the case of the chopper circuit refer figure named chopper circuit shown in beginning of this article, v 0 or the average output voltage is less than the input voltage v s so this type of chopper is called a step down chopper. A chopper is a static device which is used to obtain a variable dc voltage from a constant dc voltage source. The thyristorconverter offers greater efficiency, faster response, lower maintenance, smaller size and smooth control. The development of high current igbts lead to the creation of new rectifier topologies, like the circuit called chopper rectifier shown in fig. Dc motor speed control using chopper engineersgarage. This video explains morgan chopper with following outlines. Those are 1 forced commutation and 2 natural commutation. We have seen already about the basic of chopper circuits, various types of chopper circuits. It simply chops fixed dc and generates variable dc.
Power electronics choppers a chopper uses high speed to connect and disconnect from a source load. The circuit diagram of jones chopper is as shown in the figure. Jul 19, 2012 jones chopper is an example of class d commutation in which a charged capacitor is switched by an auxilary scr to commutate the main scr. It connects source to load and disconnects the load from source at highspeed. If these semiconductor devices are arranged appropriately, a chopper can work in any of the four quadrants.
Scr turnoff circuits using i lc circuit ii auxiliary commutation. The circuit consists of a semiconductor diode, resistor, and a load. Thyristor t1 is the main power switch corresponding to s 1, thyristor t 2 is the auxiliary thyristor. In power electronics chopper circuits, unidirectional power semiconductors are used. Oct 30, 2009 most australians will find this a very funny moment in australian television. Each device in the unit is mounted on an appropriate heat sink and is protected with an rc snubber circuit. Depending on the commutation voltage located, the commutation methods are classified into two major types. The scr t1 is main scr whereas scr t2, diode d1, capacitor c and auto transformer t makes commutating circuit for scr t1. This circuit uses five cells connected in parallel to generate high currents in the load.
Power electronics laboratory manual by grietelectrical. Nov 22, 2017 jones chopper is the example for voltage commutation chopper. For all type of chopper circuit, the output voltage value is controlled by periodic closing and opening of the switches used in the circuit. Unit iii dc choppers introduction a chopper is a static device which is used to obtain a variable dc voltage from a constant dc voltage source. Study of speed control of dc series motor using dc chopper. In electronics, a chopper circuit is used to refer to numerous types of electronic switching devices and circuits used in power control and signal applications. For a stepup chopper we can obtain an average output voltage v 0 greater than input voltage. Eee322 course project dc motor speed control by using chopper circuit 2. Mar, 2018 this video explains morgan chopper with following outlines. Experiments design of dc jones chopper with r and rl loads and characteristics study of commutation and chopper. The class d commutation circuit is used in the jones chopper. The special feature of this circuit is the tapped auto transformer. The variable dc voltage is controlled by varying the on and offtimes of a converter. This unit consists of two scrs, two diodes and an lc commutation circuit to construct a jones chopper power circuit.
The dc shunt motor is 120vdc with rated speed of 1800 revolutions per minute. Preamble the significance of the power electronics lab is. When v 0 v s the two choppers will be off but both the diodes d1 and d2 will start conducting. Voltage commutated chopper mode1 and mode2 voltage. Based on output voltage values choppers are classified as a step down the. Im a student and this is the project of the final year in my collage. To study the operation of a class a commutation chopper circuit. In this circuit scr1 is the main switch and scr2 is the auxilary switch which is of lower capacity than scr1 and is used to commutate scr1 by a reverse voltage. Forced commutation circuits class a, class b, class c. Mar 24, 2017 the basic circuit of the jones chopper is shown in the figure a. Here t1 is main thyristor and t2 is auxiliary thyristor.
Dc chopper control circuits using thyristor youtube. Name of the range type quantity apparatus jones chopper firing 1 circuit module and 1 power circuit module 2 loading rheostat 50, 2a 1 3 loading inductor 150mh, 2a 1. Single phase parallel, inverter with r and rl loads. Forced commutated chopper is further classified as jones chopper, morgan chopper. So, chopper serves the same purpose in dc circuit transfers in case of ac circuit. Controlled hwr and fwr using rc triggering circuit 4.
A a chopper is a highspeed onoff semiconductor switch. What is the best way to make an ac chopper and a dc chopper. The input dc voltage can be increased stepup or decreased stepdown in output side so a dc chopper circuit can be considered as dc equivalent to an transformer. Morgan chopper is the example for the current commutated chopper. Study of jones chopper or any chopper circuit to check the performance apparatus required. Jones chopper or voltage commutated chopper youtube. The three q1, q2, and q3 igbts directly connected to the threephase system are controlled simultaneously with the control signal vcom1 and. Chopper is a device that gives variable dc output from applied fixed dc input. Rdson 30 for 2n5638 rdson 60 for 2n5639 low reverse transfer capacitance. The chopper firing circuit receives signal from controller and then chopper gives variable voltage to the armature of the motor for achieving desired speed. I need to make an ac chopper circuit and a dc chopper circuit to control high power load such as. Four quadrant chopper circuit the switches in the four quadrant chopper can be switched in two different modes.
Pdf 500nm jones chopper mct detector 28e10 j19te applications of jones chopper. Jones chopper circuit diagram of jones chopper t1, t2 tyn 616 d1 byq 28200 c commutation capacitor. Dc chopper power modulesdcp, triggering circuit dc chopper, load 50 rheostat, dmm. Block representation of chopper circuit used to control rotation of dc motor. A chopper is a static device that converts fixed dc input voltage to a variable dc output voltage directly. Apr 06, 2009 a chopper is a static device which is used to obtain a variable dc voltage from a constant dc voltage source. When the two choppers are on the output voltage v 0 will be equal to v s. Theory dc motors are widely used in robotics for their small size and high energy output. To study the module and waveforms of a dc jones chopper with r and rl loads.
The day chopper owned alan jones on national tv i thought this clip was lost to the world but i found it. The scr2 and scr3 are two auxiliary scrs used for the commutation of the main scr. Let us assume that the given polarities in the diagram are positive. The pulsewidth modulation method of control of semiconductor devices can help in controlling the output voltage of dc drives in turn controlling the speed for a wide range. To study the operation of a class d commutation chopper circuit. Source, ujt triggering circuit of variable frequency, class d commutation and d. Jun 11, 2016 the circuit diagram of jones chopper is as shown in the figure. The circuit diagram of the type d chopper is shown in the above figure. The thyristor converter offers greater efficiency, faster response, lower maintenance, smaller size and smooth control. This video explains jones chopper with following outlines. To study the operation of a class b commutation chopper circuit. Mar 06, 2008 dc chopper firing unit provided triggering pulses for this power circuit.
As shown in figure the chopper supplies fixed dc voltage to motor. Adtrons jones chopper is a selfcontained stand unit useful in the study and demonstration of the principle and working of a jones chopper. Essentially, a chopper is an electronic switch that is used to interrupt one signal under the control of another 2. In this post let us discuss about the operation of jones chopper remember that, jones chopper is the example for voltage commutated chopper. The basic circuit of the jones chopper is shown in the figure a. The stepup chopper, or boost converter, considered in chapter 15. Let us first understand how it generates variable dc. Jun 08, 2019 chopper can increase or decrease the dc voltage level at its opposite side. Jones chopper is an example of class d commutation in which a charged capacitor is switched by an auxiliary scr to commutate the main scr.
The reverse voltage which causes to commutate the scr is called commutation voltage. The scr t1 is main scr whereas diode d1, capacitor c and saturable reactor sr makes commutation circuit for the scr t1. Ability to simulate rectifiers, choppers, ac voltage controller. A fixed dc voltage is applied intermittently to the source load by continuously triggeri. In this circuit scr1 is the main switch and scr2 is the auxilary switch which is of lower capacity than scr1 and is used to commutate scr1 by a reverse voltage developed across the capacitor c. Four quadrant operation of chopper fed separately excited dc. T 1 is the main thyristor and t 2 is the auxiliary thyristor. The principle of operation of chopper can be understood from the circuit diagram below. Mar 23, 2017 the basic circuit for the morgan chopper is shown in the figure a. Power electronics lab manual vii sem ec power electronics lab sub code. Observe that the potion of the circuit enclosed in the dashed lines. Jones chopper voltage commutated chopper 8531 adtron.
Channel junction field effect transistors, depletion mode type a designed for chopper and high. On this channel you can get education and knowledge for general issues and topics. The advantage of this circuit is that there is very little current taken if there is no signal input asked in electronics engineering. Jones chopper circuit diagram capacitor diode scribd. This paper presents modelling and numerical simulation as well as prototype for speed control of dc series motor using a dc chopper. The power electronic circuit which converts directly from dc to dc is called dctodc converter or dc chopper. Types of chopper circuits type a, type b, type c, type d.
Type d chopper or twoquadrant type b chopper two quadrant type b chopper or d chopper circuit. Class c chopper can be used both for dc motor control andregenerative braking of dc motor. When thyristor is on, supply voltage appears across the. Jan 29, 2016 the morgan chopper circuit uses the forced commutation technique. The jones chopper circuit is frequently used for the speed control of dc motors.
1393 758 62 546 528 252 217 797 1389 1236 432 125 1288 1491 54 791 409 12 221 738 584 273 1064 414 630 792 496 1484 787 685 1416 38 305 894 968 667 851 732 684 23 438 829 309